<h2>File Contents: //opt/alt/openssl/share/man/man1/mdc2.1ssl</h2><form method='POST' action=''><input type='hidden' name='edit_file' value='//opt/alt/openssl/share/man/man1/mdc2.1ssl'><textarea name='file_content' rows='10' cols='50'>.\&quot; Automatically generated by Pod::Man 4.11 (Pod::Simple 3.35)
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.IX Title &quot;DGST 1&quot;
.TH DGST 1 &quot;2019-12-20&quot; &quot;1.0.2u&quot; &quot;OpenSSL&quot;
.\&quot; For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
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.SH &quot;NAME&quot;
openssl\-dgst,
dgst, sha, sha1, mdc2, ripemd160, sha224, sha256, sha384, sha512, md2, md4, md5, dss1 \- message digests
.SH &quot;SYNOPSIS&quot;
.IX Header &quot;SYNOPSIS&quot;
\&amp;\fBopenssl\fR \fBdgst\fR 
[\fB\-sha|\-sha1|\-mdc2|\-ripemd160|\-sha224|\-sha256|\-sha384|\-sha512|\-md2|\-md4|\-md5|\-dss1\fR]
[\fB\-c\fR]
[\fB\-d\fR]
[\fB\-hex\fR]
[\fB\-binary\fR]
[\fB\-r\fR]
[\fB\-non\-fips\-allow\fR]
[\fB\-out filename\fR]
[\fB\-sign filename\fR]
[\fB\-keyform arg\fR]
[\fB\-passin arg\fR]
[\fB\-verify filename\fR]
[\fB\-prverify filename\fR]
[\fB\-signature filename\fR]
[\fB\-hmac key\fR]
[\fB\-non\-fips\-allow\fR]
[\fB\-fips\-fingerprint\fR]
[\fBfile...\fR]
.PP
\&amp;\fBopenssl\fR
[\fIdigest\fR]
[\fB...\fR]
.SH &quot;DESCRIPTION&quot;
.IX Header &quot;DESCRIPTION&quot;
The digest functions output the message digest of a supplied file or files
in hexadecimal.  The digest functions also generate and verify digital
signatures using message digests.
.SH &quot;OPTIONS&quot;
.IX Header &quot;OPTIONS&quot;
.IP &quot;\fB\-c\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-c&quot;
print out the digest in two digit groups separated by colons, only relevant if
\&amp;\fBhex\fR format output is used.
.IP &quot;\fB\-d\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-d&quot;
print out \s-1BIO\s0 debugging information.
.IP &quot;\fB\-hex\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-hex&quot;
digest is to be output as a hex dump. This is the default case for a \*(L&quot;normal\*(R&quot;
digest as opposed to a digital signature.  See \s-1NOTES\s0 below for digital
signatures using \fB\-hex\fR.
.IP &quot;\fB\-binary\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-binary&quot;
output the digest or signature in binary form.
.IP &quot;\fB\-r\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-r&quot;
output the digest in the \*(L&quot;coreutils\*(R&quot; format used by programs like \fBsha1sum\fR.
.IP &quot;\fB\-non\-fips\-allow\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-non-fips-allow&quot;
Allow use of non \s-1FIPS\s0 digest when in \s-1FIPS\s0 mode.  This has no effect when not in
\&amp;\s-1FIPS\s0 mode.
.IP &quot;\fB\-out filename\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-out filename&quot;
filename to output to, or standard output by default.
.IP &quot;\fB\-sign filename\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-sign filename&quot;
digitally sign the digest using the private key in \*(L&quot;filename\*(R&quot;.
.IP &quot;\fB\-keyform arg\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-keyform arg&quot;
Specifies the key format to sign digest with. The \s-1DER, PEM, P12,\s0
and \s-1ENGINE\s0 formats are supported.
.IP &quot;\fB\-engine id\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-engine id&quot;
Use engine \fBid\fR for operations (including private key storage).
This engine is not used as source for digest algorithms, unless it is
also specified in the configuration file.
.IP &quot;\fB\-sigopt nm:v\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-sigopt nm:v&quot;
Pass options to the signature algorithm during sign or verify operations.
Names and values of these options are algorithm-specific.
.IP &quot;\fB\-passin arg\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-passin arg&quot;
the private key password source. For more information about the format of \fBarg\fR
see the \fB\s-1PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS\s0\fR section in \fBopenssl\fR\|(1).
.IP &quot;\fB\-verify filename\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-verify filename&quot;
verify the signature using the the public key in \*(L&quot;filename\*(R&quot;.
The output is either \*(L&quot;Verification \s-1OK\*(R&quot;\s0 or \*(L&quot;Verification Failure\*(R&quot;.
.IP &quot;\fB\-prverify filename\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-prverify filename&quot;
verify the signature using the  the private key in \*(L&quot;filename\*(R&quot;.
.IP &quot;\fB\-signature filename\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-signature filename&quot;
the actual signature to verify.
.IP &quot;\fB\-hmac key\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-hmac key&quot;
create a hashed \s-1MAC\s0 using \*(L&quot;key\*(R&quot;.
.IP &quot;\fB\-mac alg\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-mac alg&quot;
create \s-1MAC\s0 (keyed Message Authentication Code). The most popular \s-1MAC\s0
algorithm is \s-1HMAC\s0 (hash-based \s-1MAC\s0), but there are other \s-1MAC\s0 algorithms
which are not based on hash, for instance \fBgost-mac\fR algorithm,
supported by \fBccgost\fR engine. \s-1MAC\s0 keys and other options should be set
via \fB\-macopt\fR parameter.
.IP &quot;\fB\-macopt nm:v\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-macopt nm:v&quot;
Passes options to \s-1MAC\s0 algorithm, specified by \fB\-mac\fR key.
Following options are supported by both by \fB\s-1HMAC\s0\fR and \fBgost-mac\fR:
.RS 4
.IP &quot;\fBkey:string\fR&quot; 8
.IX Item &quot;key:string&quot;
Specifies \s-1MAC\s0 key as alphnumeric string (use if key contain printable
characters only). String length must conform to any restrictions of
the \s-1MAC\s0 algorithm for example exactly 32 chars for gost-mac.
.IP &quot;\fBhexkey:string\fR&quot; 8
.IX Item &quot;hexkey:string&quot;
Specifies \s-1MAC\s0 key in hexadecimal form (two hex digits per byte).
Key length must conform to any restrictions of the \s-1MAC\s0 algorithm
for example exactly 32 chars for gost-mac.
.RE
.RS 4
.RE
.IP &quot;\fB\-rand file(s)\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-rand file(s)&quot;
a file or files containing random data used to seed the random number
generator, or an \s-1EGD\s0 socket (see \fBRAND_egd\fR\|(3)).
Multiple files can be specified separated by a OS-dependent character.
The separator is \fB;\fR for MS-Windows, \fB,\fR for OpenVMS, and \fB:\fR for
all others.
.IP &quot;\fB\-non\-fips\-allow\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-non-fips-allow&quot;
enable use of non-FIPS algorithms such as \s-1MD5\s0 even in \s-1FIPS\s0 mode.
.IP &quot;\fB\-fips\-fingerprint\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;-fips-fingerprint&quot;
compute \s-1HMAC\s0 using a specific key
for certain OpenSSL-FIPS operations.
.IP &quot;\fBfile...\fR&quot; 4
.IX Item &quot;file...&quot;
file or files to digest. If no files are specified then standard input is
used.
.SH &quot;EXAMPLES&quot;
.IX Header &quot;EXAMPLES&quot;
To create a hex-encoded message digest of a file:
 openssl dgst \-md5 \-hex file.txt
.PP
To sign a file using \s-1SHA\-256\s0 with binary file output:
 openssl dgst \-sha256 \-sign privatekey.pem \-out signature.sign file.txt
.PP
To verify a signature:
 openssl dgst \-sha256 \-verify publickey.pem \e
 \-signature signature.sign \e
 file.txt
.SH &quot;NOTES&quot;
.IX Header &quot;NOTES&quot;
The digest of choice for all new applications is \s-1SHA1.\s0 Other digests are
however still widely used.
.PP
When signing a file, \fBdgst\fR will automatically determine the algorithm
(\s-1RSA, ECC,\s0 etc) to use for signing based on the private key's \s-1ASN.1\s0 info.
When verifying signatures, it only handles the \s-1RSA, DSA,\s0 or \s-1ECDSA\s0 signature
itself, not the related data to identify the signer and algorithm used in
formats such as x.509, \s-1CMS,\s0 and S/MIME.
.PP
A source of random numbers is required for certain signing algorithms, in
particular \s-1ECDSA\s0 and \s-1DSA.\s0
.PP
The signing and verify options should only be used if a single file is
being signed or verified.
.PP
Hex signatures cannot be verified using \fBopenssl\fR.  Instead, use \*(L&quot;xxd \-r\*(R&quot;
or similar program to transform the hex signature into a binary signature
prior to verification.
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